Piles, also known as hemorrhoids, are swollen blood vessels in the lower rectum or anus. They can be caused by increased pressure in the veins around the anus, which can happen during pregnancy, due to prolonged sitting, straining during bowel movements, or a low-fiber diet. There are two main types: internal hemorrhoids (inside the rectum) and external hemorrhoids (under the skin around the anus).
Prevention:
- Increase fiber intake: Eating a diet high in fiber from fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can soften stools and make them easier to pass, reducing the need for straining.
- Stay hydrated: Drinking plenty of water can help prevent constipation and make bowel movements more regular.
- Exercise regularly: Physical activity helps stimulate bowel function and reduces the risk of constipation.
- Avoid straining: Try not to strain during bowel movements, as this increases pressure on the rectal veins.
- Don’t delay bowel movements: Respond to the urge to have a bowel movement as soon as possible to prevent constipation.
- Use the toilet properly: Avoid sitting on the toilet for extended periods, as it can put pressure on your veins.
Treatment:
- Over-the-counter medications: Creams or suppositories containing hydrocortisone or witch hazel can provide relief from itching, inflammation, and pain.
- Warm sitz baths: Soaking the affected area in warm water for 10 to 15 minutes several times a day can reduce discomfort and inflammation.
- Topical anesthetics: Applying a numbing agent can relieve pain in the affected area.
- Stool softeners: These can help soften the stool, making bowel movements less painful.
- Cold compress: Applying ice packs or cold compresses can reduce swelling and numb the area.
- Medical procedures: In more severe cases, treatments like rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, or even surgical removal may be necessary.
If piles are causing persistent pain, bleeding, or discomfort, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider to explore treatment options.
